• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a centrifugal separator (1) for removing participate contaminants from a gas, which centrifugal separator (1) comprises a stationary housing (2), which delimits a separation chamber (3), which has a gas inlet (4) and a gas outlet (5). Within the stationary housing (2), a rotor (6) is disposed for rotation about an axis of rotation R in the separation chamber (3). The rotor 6 comprises a stack of truncated conical separation (discs 7). An inlet shaft (9) is disposed centrally in the stack of separation discs (7). An annular (space 23) of the separation chamber 3 surrounds the rotor (6), is delimited radially by the stationary housing (2) and communicates with the intermediate spaces (8) between the separation (discs 7) and with the gas outlet (5). The centrifugal separator 1 comprises a body (10) arranged within the inlet shaft (9), connected to the rotor 6 and comprising entrainment means (11) for causing the gas within the inlet shaft (9) to rotate in the same direction as the rotor.
    公开号:SE0950554A1
    申请号:SE0950554
    申请日:2009-07-13
    公开日:2011-01-14
    发明作者:Thomas Eliasson
    申请人:Alfa Laval Corp Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    In order to achieve an efficient separation, the polluted gas should be distributed equally between all of the gaps in said stack of separation discs. An uneven distribution of the gas means that some gaps receive an excess of the gas, while other gaps receive a deficit or no part of the gas. Thus, not all of the stacking discs are utilized to the extent intended to achieve a good separation result.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to reduce the above-mentioned problems and to provide a centrifugal separator with improved separation performance.
    According to the present invention, this is achieved by the initially indicated centrifugal separator comprising a body arranged inside the inlet shaft, the body being connected to the rotor and comprising entraining means for bringing the gas inside the inlet shaft in the direction of rotation of the rotor.
    Through said entraining means an improved separation performance is achieved, since the gas leaving the inlet shaft - i.e. the gas flowing into the gaps - already rotates with the rotor, the effect of the centrifugal force being utilized early in the radially inner parts of the gaps between the separation discs.
    In addition, a more even distribution of the gas in the stack of separation discs is achieved. An inlet shaft has substantially no flow obstruction for the gas, whereby the gas can flow relatively freely through the entire axial extent of the inlet shaft. By said entraining means the gas in the radially outer parts of the inlet shaft has a higher rotational speed and thus a higher pressure than the gas in the radially inner parts of the inlet shaft, whereby the gas flowing into the inlet shaft is forced into a smaller radius in the inlet shaft. In these inner parts of the inlet shaft - ie on the smaller radius - an axial distribution of the gas takes place along substantially the entire inlet shaft before it flows radially outwards towards the spaces between the separation plates.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the body comprises a tubular wall radially surrounding the inlet shaft and said entraining means, the tubular wall comprising a plurality of through openings through which the inlet shaft communicates with the spaces between the separating discs. In this way, the tubular wall also forces the gas flowing into the inlet shaft into a smaller radius into the inlet shaft and improves the entrainment of the gas before the gas flows into the gaps between the separation plates. In this case, the openings can be dimensioned - in number, shape and size - in order to optimize and thus further improve the distribution of the gas to the spaces between the separation plates.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, said openings are arranged in number and of such a size that they together occupy at least a main part of the surface of the tubular wall. In this way, the inlet shaft can communicate with the gaps between the separation discs without a large flow pressure drop, ie the gas flows relatively easily through such a tubular wall which comprises large and many through-openings.
    According to another embodiment of the invention, each separating disc comprises a radially inner edge with at least one recess and the tubular wall comprises at least one elongate rib extending radially outwards from and axially along the outside of the tubular wall, the rib being adapted to engage the recess to form a polar guide of the separation plates relative to the tubular wall. In this way, the separation discs can be easily stacked around the tubular wall.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the tubular wall and the stack of separating disks form between them a transport shaft for gas, the transport shaft surrounding and extending axially along the tubular wall, whereby the inlet shaft communicates with the spaces between the separating disks via said transport shaft. In this way, the transport shaft forms a cavity which allows a further axial distribution of the gas flowing out through the openings of the tubular wall before it flows into the gaps between the separation plates.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the tubular wall and entraining means of the body are made in a continuous piece. In this way, the device can be manufactured in a simple manner. The stack of truncated conical separation discs can also be arranged axially between an upper and a lower end disc, the body being formed in a continuous piece with one of said end discs. The body may also comprise a bushing adapted to surround a rotor supporting spindle, said entraining means extending radially between the bushing and the tubular wall, which bushing is connected to the tubular wall in a continuous piece by said entraining means.
    According to another embodiment of the invention, said entraining means comprise a number of wings which are distributed around the axis of rotation and which extend radially and axially in the inlet shaft. Thereby a substantially free axial flow passage for the gas is achieved and at the same time an efficient entrainment of the gas. The number of wings arranged in the inlet shaft is 1 - 10 pieces, preferably 2 - 5 pieces, even more preferably 3 pieces.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, said entraining means comprises a disc element extending axially inside the inlet shaft in a helical path around the axis of rotation R. In this way the helical shape itself can bring the gas into rotation, without the rotor having to pour any higher rotational speed.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will now be explained in more detail by means of embodiments described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a centrifugal separator according to a first embodiment of the invention.
    Fig. 2 shows in perspective a body arranged in the centrifugal separator according to the first embodiment according to Fig. 1.
    Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a centrifugal separator according to a second embodiment of the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION Fig. 1 shows a centrifugal separator 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention, which centrifugal separator 1 is arranged to separate particulate pollutants from a gas, preferably crankcase gas from an internal combustion engine. The particles may be solid and / or liquid, such as soot and oil particles in crankcase gas.
    The centrifugal separator 1 comprises a stationary housing 2 which delimits a separation chamber 3 and which has a gas inlet 4 to the separation chamber 3 and a gas outlet 5 from the separation chamber 3. To the gas inlet 4 and the gas outlet 5 respectively are connected (not shown) channels for supply and removal of the gas flowing through the centrifugal separator. Inside the stationary housing 2, a rotor 6 is rotatably arranged about an axis of rotation R in the separation chamber 3. The rotor 6 comprises a stack of truncated conical separation discs 7, which are arranged at such a mutual distance that they define spaces 8 for flowing through the gas. An inlet shaft 9 is arranged centrally in the stack of separation plates 7, which inlet shaft 9 communicates with the gas inlet 4 and the spaces 8 between the separation plates 7, the inlet shaft 9 being arranged to guide the gas radially outwards through the spaces 8 between the separation plates 7. The centrifuge is thus separated. called co-current separation. Inside the inlet shaft 9 there is a body 10 (see also Fig. 2) which comprises entraining means for carrying the gas inside the inlet shaft 9 in the direction of rotation of the rotor. The body 10 comprises carrying means in the form of three elongate disc elements - so-called wings 11 - which are distributed around the axis of rotation R and which extend radially and axially in the inlet shaft 9. Furthermore, the body comprises a tubular wall 12 radially surrounding the inlet shaft 9 and said wings 11 The tubular wall 12 comprises a plurality of through openings 13 through which the inlet shaft 9 communicates with the gaps 8 between the separating plates 7. The embodiment shows a total of nine openings 13 of rectangular shape, which openings 13 are distributed in rows axially along the tubular wall 12 and between the wings 11. Thus, each row consists of three openings arranged between mutually adjacent wings 11. The rectangular openings 13 are of such a size that together they occupy a main part of the surface of the tubular wall.
    The tubular wall 12 comprises three elongate projections in the form of three ribs 14 extending radially outwards from and axially along the outside of the tubular wall. These ribs 14 are arranged between said rows of openings 13, the ribs 14 being radially outside and in line with the wings 11. Each separating disc 7 comprises a radially inner edge with three recesses (not shown in the figures), whereby the ribs 14 are adapted to engage the recesses to form a polar guide of the separating plates 7 relative to the tubular wall 12. The conical separating plates 7 are stacked between an upper end plate 15 and a lower end plate 16, which have a corresponding shape to the separating plates 7. The end plates 15 and 16 are relatively the separating discs 7 are both thicker and stiffer, the stack of separating discs 7 being compressed between the end discs 15 and 16. The upper end disc 15 is arranged with a central hole 17, whereby the gas inlet 4 communicates with the inlet shaft 9 in the rotor. the inlet shaft 9 is delimited axially by the lower end plate 16.
    The rotor 6 is mounted via a spindle 18 in an upper and a lower bearing unit 19 and 20, which are arranged, in the stationary housing 2, on either side of the stack of separation discs 7. The spindle 18 extends coaxially with the axis of rotation R and through the rotor 6 , wherein a lower end portion of the spindle 18 may be connected to a drive device (not shown), such as an electric motor or a turbine for driving by means of pressure fluid. The body 10 comprises a bushing 21 which is arranged to surround the part of the spindle 18 extending through the inlet shaft 9. The wings 11 of the body extend radially between the bushing 20 and the tubular wall 12, whereby the inlet shaft 9 is divided into sectors delimited in the circumferential direction of the wings 11. The whole body 10 forms an integrated unit, in such a way that the bushing 21 is connected to the tubular wall 12 in a continuous piece through the wings 11. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the body 10 is integrated with the upper end plate 15. Thus, the tubular wall 12 with the wings 11 and the bushing 20 made in a continuous piece with the upper end plate 15.
    Thus, the separating plates 7 can be easily stacked on the upper end plate 15 with the integrated body 10. Between the tubular wall 12 and the stack of separating plates 7 a transport shaft 22 for gas is formed, the transport shaft 22 surrounding and extending axially along the tubular wall 12. The inlet shaft 9 thus communicates with the gaps 8 between the separation discs 9 via said transport shaft 22. Through the transport shaft 22 a further axial distribution of the gas can take place before it flows into the gaps 8 between the separation discs. In the circumferential direction, the transport shaft 22 is delimited by said ribs 14, whereby the transport shaft is divided into sectors in a similar manner as the inlet shaft 9 is divided into sectors by the wings 11.
    An annular space 23 of the separation chamber 3 surrounds the rotor 6 and is radially delimited by the stationary housing 2, the annular space 23 communicating with the gaps 8 between the separation discs and with the gas outlet 5. Inside the stationary housing 2, at the lower part of the separation chamber 3, is an annular collecting chute 24 arranged for the particles separated from the gas.
    The collecting chute 24 communicates with a particle outlet (not shown) for discharging the solid and liquid contaminants separated from the gas from the stationary housing 1.
    The embodiment shown according to Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a body 10 with straight wings 11 (or disc elements), i.e. wings 11 which extend straight in both radial and axial direction through the inlet shaft 9. It should be noted, however, that the wings (or disc elements) can extend at an angle or along a curved path in the radial direction.
    Furthermore, the wings 11 (or the disc elements) can also extend axially in a helical path around the axis of rotation R.
    Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of a centrifugal separator 1 ', in which the body 10' comprises a carrier means in the form of a disc element 11 'which extends axially inside the inlet shaft 9 in a helical path around the axis of rotation R.
    Furthermore, the disc member 11 'extends radially between the bushing 21 and the tubular wall 12. Thus, the disc member 11' forms a helical inlet shaft 9, which is surrounded by the tubular wall 12 with the through openings 13. The body 10 'is connected to the helical disc member 11'. with the rotor, the helical disc element 11 'pumping the gas axially down the inlet shaft when the rotor 6 rotates (ie during operation of the centrifugal separator). Like the first embodiment, this body 10' forms an integrated unit, so that the bushing 21 is connected to the tubular the wall 12 in a continuous piece through the helical disc element 11 '. Furthermore, the body 10 'is integrated with the upper end plate 15. Thus, the tubular wall 12 with the plate element 11' and the bushing 20 are made in a continuous piece with the upper end plate 15. The centrifugal separator 1 'has otherwise the same design as the previously described first embodiment. . It should be noted that details with the same function have been provided with the same reference numerals.
    It should be noted that neither the wings 11 nor the helical disc element 11 'need to extend radially all the way into the axis of rotation R or the above-described bushing 21. In this case the wings or the disc element can extend through a radially outer part of the inlet shaft, a cavity without entraining means formed in a radially inner part of the inlet shaft. It should also be noted that said entraining means may comprise a stack of annular disc elements (or washers), which are arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation inside the inlet shaft and at such a mutual distance that they define spaces for entrainment and flow of the gas between them. Such annular disc elements (or washers) suitably have a radial extent through only the radially outer part of the inlet shaft, a cavity for free axial flow of gas being formed in the radially inner part of the inlet shaft.
    The centrifugal separators described above and shown in the drawings work in the following manner in purifying a gas from particles suspended therein (which have a higher density than the gas). By means of a drive device (not shown) the rotor 6 is kept in rotation. Gas contaminated by particles is introduced into the stationary housing 2 from above through the gas inlet 4.
    From here the gas flows down the inlet shaft 9. the inlet shaft 9 has substantially no flow obstructions for the gas, whereby the gas can flow relatively freely through the entire axial extent of the inlet shaft. In the inlet shaft, the gas is caused to rotate by means of said entraining means in the form of the wings 11 or the helical disc element 11 '. The entrained gas thus rotates at substantially the same rotational speed as the rotor. The gas in the radially outer parts of the inlet shaft 9 has a higher tangential velocity and thus a higher pressure than the gas in the radially inner parts of the inlet shaft 9, whereby the gas flowing into the inlet shaft is forced into a smaller radius in the inlet shaft 9. In these inner parts of the inlet shaft - ie on the smaller radius - there is thus an axial distribution of the gas along substantially the entire inlet shaft before it flows radially outwards towards the gaps 8 between the separation discs 7. The helical disc element 11 'can also contribute to pumping the gas axially into the inlet shaft. Furthermore, the tubular wall 12 also contributes to further forcing the gas into the smaller radius of the inlet shaft 9. In this way, the entrainment of the gas before the gas flows into the gaps 8 between the separating discs 7 is also improved.
    The gas flows radially outwards through the openings 13 in the tubular wall 12, whereupon the gas passes through the transport shaft 22. The transport shaft 22 has a radial extent between the tubular wall 12 and the stack of separating discs 7, the transport shaft 22 surrounding and extending axially along the tubular wall 12 In this way, the transport shaft 22 forms a cavity which allows a further axial distribution of the gas flowing out through the openings 13 of the tubular wall before it flows into the spaces between the separating discs. As can be seen from Figs. 1 and 3, said transport shaft 22 is delimited in the circumferential direction by the ribs 14 which polarly guide the separation discs. In this way, the ribs form a transport shaft 22 in sectors similar to the wings 11 dividing the inlet shaft 9. The main function of the transport shaft 22, however, is the axial distribution of the gas, at which distribution these ribs 14 do not constitute a flow barrier for the gas.
    As the gas flows through the gaps 8, it will be carried in the rotational direction of the rotor by the separating discs 7. The centrifugal force arising in the rotating gas forces the suspended particles to move towards and into contact with the insides of the separating discs, i.e. the sides of the separating discs facing upwards in Figs. 1 and 3. Upon contact with the separating disks 7, the particles will, with the aid of the Centrifugal force, slide or flow radially outwards along said insides and then be thrown against the inner wall of the stationary housing 2. The particulate contaminants flow on the inner wall down into the annular collection channel 24 and out through the particulate outlet (not shown). The purified gas, which in each space between mutually adjacent separating disks has been freed from particles, flows through the annular space 23 of the separating chamber 3 surrounding the rotor 6 and leaves the separating chamber 3 through the gas outlet 5.
    The described and shown centrifugal separator has great separation efficiency and can be manufactured very cheaply with the appropriate choice of material for the different parts. Thus, most parts can be made of plastic. Apart from screws and bearings, only the central spindle should preferably be made of metal. As already mentioned, the different parts of the body 10 and one of the end plates can be made in a continuous piece, suitably of plastic. The various parts of the body 10 can either be molded into a continuous piece or, during assembly, connected - by means of a suitable fastener - to each other into a unit.
    The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown but can be varied and modified within the scope of the appended claims.
    For example, the invention is not limited to the purification of crankcase gas but can be used to separate particulate pollutants from any other gas. The size, shape and number of the openings 13 - as well as the diameter of the tubular wall 12 - can be adapted and optimized to different conditions. For polar control of the separating discs, for example, rods can be used, which extend axially through the stack, the separating discs being made with corresponding holes adapted for the rods. Instead of the spindle 18 extending through the inlet shaft 9, the rotor may be provided with end pins for storing the rotor in one and / or the other axial end of the rotor.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    A centrifugal separator (1) for purifying a gas from particulate pollutants, which centrifugal separator (1) comprises: - a housing (2) delimiting a separation chamber (3) and having a gas inlet (4) to the separation chamber (3) and a gas outlet (5) from the separation chamber (3), - a rotor (6) rotatably arranged about an axis of rotation (R) in the separation chamber (3) and comprising a stack of truncated conical separation plates (7), which are arranged on such a mutual spacing between them (8) for flowing through the gas, - an inlet shaft (9) arranged centrally in the stack of separation plates (7), which inlet shaft (9) communicates with the gas inlet (4) and the spaces (8) between the separation plates ( 7), the inlet shaft (9) being arranged to guide the gas radially leaky through the gaps (8) between the separation plates (7), and - an annular space (23) of the separation chamber (3) which surrounds the rotor (6) and which is radially delimited bythe housing (2), the annular space (23) communicating with the gaps (8) between the separating plates (7) and with the gas outlet (5), characterized by - a body (10) which is arranged inside the inlet shaft (9) and which is connected with the rotor (6), the body (10) comprising entraining means (11) for entraining the gas inside the inlet shaft (9) in the direction of rotation of the rotor. A centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein the body comprises a tubular wall (12) radially surrounding the inlet shaft (9) and said entraining means (11), the tubular wall (12) comprising a plurality of through openings (13) through which the inlet shaft ( 9) communicates with the gaps (8) between the separation discs (7). Centrifugal separator according to claim 2, in which said openings (13) together occupy at least a main part of the surface of the tubular wall. A centrifugal separator according to claim 2 or 3, wherein each separating disc (7) comprises a radially inner edge with at least one recess and the tubular wall (12) comprises at least one elongate rib (14) extending radially outwardly from and axially along the tubular the outside of the wall, the rib (14) being adapted to engage the recess to form a polar guide of the separating discs (7) relative to the pipe element (12). Centrifugal separator according to one of Claims 2 to 4, in which the tubular wall (12) and the stack of separating disks (7) form a gas transport shaft (22) therebetween, the transport shaft (22) surrounding and extending axially along the tubular wall. (12), whereby the inlet shaft (9) communicates with the gaps (8) between the separating disks (7) via said transport shaft (22). Centrifugal separator according to one of Claims 2 to 5, in which the tubular wall (12) of the body and the entraining means (11) are made in one continuous piece. Centrifugal separator according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the stack of truncated conical separation discs is arranged axially between an upper and a lower end disc (15, 16), the body (10) being formed in a continuous piece with one of said end discs (15). or 16). Centrifugal separator according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said entraining means comprises a number of wings (11) distributed around the axis of rotation (R) and extending radially and axially in the inlet shaft (9). A centrifugal separator according to claim 8, wherein the number of wings (11) arranged in the inlet shaft (9) is 1 - 10 pieces, preferably 2 - 5 pieces, preferably 3 pieces. Centrifuge separator according to claims 2 and 8, in which the tubular wall (12) surrounds a spindle (18) which rotatably supports the rotor (6) and which extends coaxially with the axis of rotation (R) through the inlet shaft (9), the wings (11) extending radially between the spindle (18) and the tubular wall (12), whereby the inlet shaft (9) is divided into sectors delimited in the circumferential direction of the wings (11). A centrifugal separator according to claim 10, wherein the body (10) comprises a bushing (21) adapted to surround the spindle (18), the wings (11) extending radially between the bushing (21) and the tubular wall (12), which bushing (21) are connected to the tubular wall (12) in a continuous piece through the wings (11). A centrifuge separator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said entraining means comprises a disc member (11 ') extending axially within the inlet shaft (9) in a helical path about the axis of rotation R. A centrifugal separator according to claim 12, wherein the tubular wall (12) surrounds a spindle (18) which rotatably supports the rotor (6) and which extends coaxially with the axis of rotation (R) through the inlet shaft (9), the disc element (11 ') extending radially between the spindle and the tubular wall (12). A centrifugal separator according to claim 13, wherein the body (10) comprises a bushing (21) adapted to surround the spindle (18), the disc member (11 ') extending radially between the bushing (21) and the tubular wall (12). ), which bushing (21) is connected to the tubular wall (12) in a continuous piece through the disc element (11 '). A centrifugal separator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said entraining means comprises a stack of annular disc elements, which are arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation (R) inside the inlet shaft (9) and at such a mutual distance that they define spaces for entrainment. and flow of the gas, the annular discs having a radial extent through a radially outer part of the inlet shaft (9), whereby a cavity for free axial flow of gas is formed in a radially inner part of the inlet shaft (9).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2454003B1|2016-01-06|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    SE514779C2|1998-08-20|2001-04-23|Alfa Laval Ab|Carrying means for a centrifugal separator|
    SE515302C2|1999-11-15|2001-07-09|Alfa Laval Ab|A method and apparatus for purifying gas|
    SE524140C2|2002-11-04|2004-07-06|3Nine Ab|Device at a separator|
    DE10300729A1|2003-01-11|2004-07-22|Mann + Hummel Gmbh|Centrifugal oil separator|
    SE525432C2|2003-02-17|2005-02-22|Alfa Laval Corp Ab|Ways of treating air on board a vehicle and a device for use in carrying out the method|
    SE525091C2|2003-04-16|2004-11-30|Alfa Laval Corp Ab|An apparatus for purifying a gas|
    SE524921C2|2003-11-07|2004-10-26|Alfa Laval Corp Ab|Impeller arrangement, for centrifugal rotor rotatable around rotation axis, has several impellers in central space for impelling incoming fluid into rotation of centrifugal rotor|
    DE102005003037A1|2005-01-22|2006-08-10|Hengst Gmbh & Co.Kg|Separating device for separating liquid particles from a gaseous medium|
    SE528750C2|2005-06-27|2007-02-06|3Nine Ab|Method and apparatus for separating particles from a gas stream|DE102011009741B4|2010-07-30|2021-06-02|Hengst Se|Centrifugal separator with particle chute|
    EP2944391A1|2014-05-13|2015-11-18|Alfa Laval Corporate AB|Centrifugal separator|
    DE102019215473A1|2019-10-09|2021-04-15|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Side channel compressor for a fuel cell system for conveying and / or compressing a gaseous medium|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    SE0950554A|SE533941C2|2009-07-13|2009-07-13|A centrifugal separator|SE0950554A| SE533941C2|2009-07-13|2009-07-13|A centrifugal separator|
    PCT/SE2010/050690| WO2011008156A1|2009-07-13|2010-06-18|A centrifugal separator|
    EP10800112.4A| EP2454003B1|2009-07-13|2010-06-18|A centrifugal separator|
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